Essential Industry Terms Explained
Explore key financial crime, risk management and compliance terminology with our comprehensive glossary.

Whether you're navigating regulatory compliance, fighting financial crime, or simply enhancing your knowledge of fraud and anti-money laundering (AML) terms, this resource is for you.
Loan Stacking Fraud
Loan stacking fraud occurs when borrowers hold multiple loans at once. Lenders use new tech tools to catch this growing issue.
Log File
Log files track system behavior for security and fraud defense. Explore their benefits, use cases, and best practices for business.
Login
Login security protects access to systems and sensitive data. Explore best practices to prevent breaches and account misuse.
Login Authentication
Login authentication checks user identity before allowing access. Learn how usernames and passwords protect systems from misuse.
Lottery Scam
Lottery scams trick targets with fake prize claims. Explore warning signs and keep your identity and cash secure.
Loyalty Points Fraud
Loyalty points fraud exploits reward programs for profit. Learn defense strategies to protect customers and brand trust.
Loyalty Program Fraud
Loyalty program fraud exploits reward systems for financial gain. Learn how to guard customer points and prevent abuse.
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MAS Notices on AML/CFT
MAS AML/CFT notices strengthen Singapore’s fight against dirty money. Explore how monitoring and diligence keep firms compliant.
MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication)
MFA requires multiple proofs of identity before access is granted. Discover why layered login security blocks modern attackers.
Machine Learning
Machine learning trains systems to make predictions from data. Explore its growing role in modern fraud prevention.
Machine Learning Adversarial Attacks
Adversarial attacks exploit weaknesses in AI models. Learn how to strengthen machine learning systems against manipulation.
Machine Learning Risk Scoring
Machine Learning Risk Scoring analyzes patterns to predict threats. Learn how it reshapes smarter modern risk decisions.
Machine Learning in AML Compliance
Machine learning transforms AML by automating alerts and reducing false positives. Explore its impact on financial compliance.
Mail Fraud And Wire Faud
Mail and wire fraud both use deception to steal money. Learn the differences and how to spot suspicious activity early.
Mail Order Telephone Order
MOTO allows remote card payments by phone or mail. Learn how it works today, its risks, and how to ensure secure transactions.
Malware-based Fraud
Malware-based fraud infects systems to capture sensitive data. Learn practical ways to keep your business protected from these threats.
Man In The Middle
MITM attacks intercept data in transit between two parties. Learn how to secure connections and block these silent threats.
Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) Attacks
MITM attacks steal data mid-transit between users and sites. Learn how to protect your privacy with secure encryption tactics.
Manpower Direct And Indirect Costs
Learn the difference between direct and indirect manpower costs, why they matter, and how to manage them for better efficiency.
Manual Review
Manual review adds human oversight for accuracy and compliance. Learn why it matters and when to use it in automated systems.
Market Manipulation
Market manipulation distorts prices for unfair advantage. Learn how to recognize tactics and protect investments from fraudulent activity.
Marketplace
Marketplaces match buyers and sellers online. Understand benefits, risks, and how to succeed securely in these ecosystems.
Marketplace Fraud
Marketplace fraud targets buyers and sellers online. Learn common scams, key stats, and steps to stay safe while trading.
Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II (MiFID II)
MiFID II drives transparency and investor safeguards in Europe. Learn core rules and compliance steps in today’s markets.
Merchant Account
Discover how merchant accounts support secure card payments and growth. Learn how to defend against fraud while scaling your business.
Merchant Account Provider
Merchant account providers enable card payments online, in-store, and by phone. Learn how to choose securely and prevent fraud.
Merchant Chargeback Insurance Provider
Merchant chargeback insurance helps cover dispute losses. Learn how it works, key benefits, and trends protecting businesses.
Merchant Identity Verification
Merchant identity verification proves legitimacy online. Explore tools that stop fraud and improve compliance in commerce.
Merchant Laundering
Merchant laundering hides suspect transactions through fake shops. Learn how to detect and stop this growing payment scheme.
Merchant Monitoring
Merchant monitoring uses real-time activity checks to stop fraud, meet regulations, and build customer confidence.
Micro-Finance Loan Fraud
Micro-finance fraud hurts vulnerable borrowers and lenders globally. Learn how smart tools now stop fake claims and inflated applications.
Micro-deposit Fraud
Micro-deposit fraud abuses small test payments to probe accounts. Learn how it works and how to lock down your funds.
Mobile Money Fraud
Mobile money fraud targets digital wallets and transfers. Explore common scams and tips to protect your finances on the go.
Money Laundering
Money laundering hides illegal funds through complex transfers. Learn common schemes and strategies to keep your business safe.
Money Mule Networks
Money mule networks move illicit funds using unwitting helpers. Explore detection methods and stay clear of risky transfers.
Money Mules
Money mule schemes involve individuals, often unknowingly, who transfer illegally obtained funds on behalf of others. These individuals, known as "money mules," are recruited by fraudsters to launder money stolen from businesses...
Money Services Business (MSB) Fraud
MSB fraud targets money transfer and currency services. Learn how financial teams spot risks and stop costly criminal schemes.
Mortgage fraud
Mortgage fraud relies on hidden or false information to secure larger loans. Lenders use analytics to flag suspicious applications.
Multi-bank Fraud Prevention Systems
Multi-bank systems fight fraud with pooled data and real-time AI. Discover how collaboration improves protection across finance.
Multi-entity Fraud Analysis
Multi-entity analysis connects patterns across companies and users. Learn how AI reveals complex fraud hidden in big data.
Multi-factor Authentication (MFA)
Multi-factor Authentication secures logins with layered checks. Explore benefits, real-world use cases, and adoption tips.
Multi-layered Fraud Prevention
Multi-layered fraud defense blends identity, transactions, and AI insights. Explore how this framework secures businesses today.
Multi-party Fraud
Multi-party fraud uses collusion to evade simple controls. Discover detection tactics for today’s most complex scams.
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NYDFS Part 504
NYDFS Part 504 pushes stricter AML controls on financial firms. Uncover its key rules, recent changes, and compliance strategies.
Network Effect
Network effects make platforms more secure and valuable as users grow. Learn how they drive adoption and innovation.
Network Intelligence
Network intelligence turns traffic into actionable insights fast. Explore how it improves security and real-time fraud detection.
Neural Network Anomaly Detection
Neural networks analyze behavior to prevent fraud in real time. Learn how AI improves accuracy while lowering false alerts.
Neural Network Fraud Scoring
Neural Network Fraud Scoring detects fraud patterns instantly. Learn how AI boosts accuracy while lowering false-positive rates.
New Account Fraud
New account fraud uses stolen or fake identities. Learn how it works, the impact on businesses, and ways to detect and prevent it.
Non-face-to-face Transaction Fraud
Discover how non-face-to-face fraud threatens online commerce. Learn key trends and smart ways to keep digital transactions secure.
Non-face-to-face Transaction Fraud
Discover how non-face-to-face fraud threatens online commerce. Learn key trends and smart ways to keep digital transactions secure.
Nonprofit Financial Fraud
Nonprofit fraud misuses funds meant for public good. Learn how controls protect donor money and organizational integrity.
Nonrepudiation
Nonrepudiation ensures trust in online transactions by using encryption and signatures to prove authenticity and accountability.
O
OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
The OECD Anti-Bribery Convention pushes global ethical standards. Learn how it impacts compliance across jurisdictions.
Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) Regulations
OFAC regulations govern sanctioned entities. Learn how to stay compliant, avoid penalties, and manage global risk exposure.
Omnichannel Fraud
Omnichannel fraud spreads across online, mobile, and stores. Use layered strategies to stop coordinated criminal activity.
Onboarding Fraud
Onboarding fraud sneaks criminals into your customer base. Learn how new tech verifies users and stops risk before entry.
One-time Passcode (OTP) Interception
OTP interception steals codes via phishing or SIM tricks. Explore tactics to protect your accounts from modern breaches.
Online Marketplace Fraud
Online marketplace fraud targets both buyers and sellers. Use expert-backed tips to stay safe when shopping or selling online.
Orchestration Layer
The orchestration layer connects systems, automates workflows, and supports compliance with smarter integration tools.
Out Of Band Authentication
Out-of-band authentication verifies identity using a second channel. Learn how this extra step blocks modern cyberattacks.
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P2P Payment Fraud
P2P payment fraud tricks users on apps like Cash App or Zelle. Learn how to spot scams and keep your money protected.
PCI DSS Compliance
PCI DSS compliance keeps card data safe across merchants. Learn requirements and updates to meet secure payment standards.
Pagejacking
Pagejacking steals site pages to divert traffic and data. Learn the risks and how to protect your business from this cyber threat.
Pass Along Rate
Pass Along Rate reveals how widely content is shared. Track it to improve reach, spot fraud, and protect your business growth.
Passive Authentication
Passive authentication verifies users quietly in the background, streamlining access without disrupting user experience.
Password Spraying
Password spraying attacks crack accounts using frequent retries. Discover practical tips to keep your business protected.
PayPal
PayPal enables online money transfers as a safe digital alternative to cash or checks, trusted by buyers and sellers.
Payables Fraud
Payable fraud manipulates invoices or vendors inside AP systems. Learn detection steps to stop one of business’s costliest crimes.
Payment Fraud
Payment fraud is rising fast. Learn how it happens, top trends, and smart ways to protect your money and business today.
Payment Gateway
Payment gateways secure online purchases across global markets. Learn what to look for when choosing the right solution.
Payment Gateway Spoofing
Payment gateway spoofing fakes checkout pages to steal data. Learn how to spot threats and keep digital payments secure.
Payment Orchestration
Payment Orchestration unifies multiple processors for efficiency. Learn how this improves security and customer experience.
Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2)
PSD2 is reshaping Europe’s payments with strong security and control. Learn its key impacts on banks, fintechs, and shoppers.
Payment Threshold
Learn how payment thresholds and payout limits work, their pros, cons, and how they help manage earnings while reducing fraud risks.
Payment Verification
Payment verification confirms transaction legitimacy. Discover how it prevents fraud and keeps activity secure.
Paypal Fraud
PayPal fraud ranges from phishing to fake refunds. Get expert advice to spot scams and keep your online account protected.
Payroll Fraud
Payroll fraud uses insider access to manipulate wage systems. Learn how smart checks protect finances and employees alike.
Pci Compliance
PCI Compliance protects payment data by enforcing security standards. Learn requirements and how to stay compliant.
Pci Dss
PCI DSS sets card data security rules for all merchants. Learn how compliance protects customers and prevents breaches.
Peer-to-Peer Lending Fraud
Peer-to-peer lending fraud threatens both borrower and lender trust. Discover tips to keep online lending platforms secure.
Persona
Personas turn real data into fictional users for smarter strategy. Explore how they improve design, marketing, and fraud tools.
Phantom Debt
Phantom debt scams trick victims into paying fake obligations. Learn how to spot them and protect your identity and funds.
Phantom Merchant Fraud
Phantom Merchant Fraud sets up fake storefronts to process illegal transactions. Explore methods to detect and block these elaborate schemes.
Pharming
Pharming swaps traffic from real sites to fake ones. Understand how it works and how to protect yourself from data theft.
Pharming Attacks
Pharming redirects victims to fake sites to steal data. Learn how to detect it and keep your business secure online.
Phishing
Phishing scams trick users into revealing sensitive data. Learn common tactics and tips to stay protected from digital fraud.
Phishing And Pharming
Phishing and pharming attack digital systems. Learn real examples, key stats, and tips to protect yourself and your business.
Phishing Kit
Phishing kits give criminals turnkey tools for online scams. Learn how to spot evolving tactics and keep your data safe.
Phishing Schemes
Phishing sites mimic trusted brands to steal data. Learn how to safely identify and avoid these online traps.
Phone Porting Fraud
Phone porting fraud hijacks your number for account access. Uncover tips to stop SIM swap scams and protect your identity.
Phone Verification
Phone verification authenticates users and blocks fake sign-ups. Explore how it strengthens fraud prevention and user trust.
Plagiarism
Plagiarism steals work and damages reputations. Explore how AI tools detect copying and protect academic and business integrity.
Platform
Technology platforms power the systems we rely on daily. Explore how they support fraud prevention across software and cloud.
Point-To-Point Encryption
P2PE encrypts payment info from entry to processing. Learn how it protects transactions and supports compliance mandates.
Point-of-Sale (POS) Fraud
POS fraud hits payment systems hard. Learn attack methods and key tips to protect your business and customers from losses.
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